Vitamin A Palmitate 250 SD CWS/S Toc. Stab. (CAS 79-81-2) is a spray-dried, cold-water-dispersible vitamin A palmitate powder standardised at 250,000 IU/g, stabilised with dl-alpha-tocopherol and sodium ascorbate and carried on modified starch, maltodextrin and vegetable oil. It disperses in cool water to a milky emulsion, which makes it suitable for beverage, dairy and feed premix applications where an oil-soluble vitamin A has to be dosed into an aqueous system.
Specifications
| Item | Specification |
|---|---|
| Product name | Vitamin A Palmitate 250 SD CWS/S Toc. Stab. |
| CAS Registry Number | 79-81-2 (retinyl palmitate) |
| Molecular formula (active) | C36H60O2 |
| Molecular weight (active) | 524.87 g/mol |
| Composition | Vitamin A palmitate, modified starch, maltodextrin, vegetable oil, sodium ascorbate and dl-alpha-tocopherol as antioxidants, silicon dioxide as anti-caking agent |
| Appearance | Light yellow, free-flowing powder |
| Identification | Thin-layer chromatography (EP); A: colour reaction with antimony(III) (USP); B: thin-layer chromatography (USP) |
| Assay | ≥ 250,000 IU/g |
| Absorbance ratio | ≥ 0.85 |
| Loss on drying | ≤ 5.0% |
| Solubility | Dispersible in cool water, forming a milky emulsion |
| Sieve analysis | 100% through No. 40 (US); ≥ 90% through No. 60 (US); ≥ 45% through No. 100 (US) |
| Heavy metals | ≤ 10 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | ≤ 1.0 mg/kg |
| Lead | ≤ 2.0 mg/kg |
| Total plate count | ≤ 1000 CFU/g |
| Mould and yeast | ≤ 100 CFU/g |
| Coliforms | < 3.0 MPN/g |
| Salmonella | Negative in 25 g |
| Package | 20 kg or 25 kg net, fibre drum with food-grade liner |
What the numbers mean
Three figures carry most of the purchasing decision. 250,000 IU/g is the potency: by the USP conversion 1 IU equals 0.55 µg of retinol palmitate, so the powder contains about 137.5 mg of active palmitate per gram, or 13.75% – the remaining 86% is carrier plus antioxidant plus moisture. Loss on drying ≤ 5.0% is the free-moisture ceiling; vitamin A oxidises faster as water activity rises, so a low LOD is a stability indicator, not just a handling convenience. Absorbance ratio ≥ 0.85 is the spectroscopic check on the trans/cis isomer ratio – it is the number that catches over-processed material whose potency measures correctly but whose bioavailability has changed.
The sieve spec is the third practical point that is often skipped. A powder that passes 100% through US No. 40 but has little below No. 100 disperses unevenly and can leave visible specks in a finished beverage; the ≥ 45% through No. 100 requirement in this grade exists precisely to keep the particle-size distribution narrow enough for cold-water dispersion.
Applications
- Food and beverage fortification – cold-water-dispersible vitamin A for dairy drinks, juices, cereal and dairy-alternative products.
- Feed and premix – vitamin A source for poultry, swine, ruminant and aquafeed premixes.
- Pharmaceutical and dietary supplement – tablet, capsule and sachet formulations where a dry vitamin A is preferred over an oil.
- Cosmetics – dry formats where an oil-soluble vitamin A must be introduced without adding liquid oil.
Further reading
- Vitamin A Palmitate 250 SD CWS (CAS 79-81-2): Specifications, Stability and Applications – the full technical article on carriers, antioxidant systems and potency accounting.
- Vitamin A Palmitate Forms Compared: Oil, Dry Powder and Cold-Water-Dispersible – which form fits which process.
- Vitamin A Stability: Antioxidants, Carrier Effects and Premix Losses – why two antioxidants and what actually degrades the potency.
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