Pharmaceutical & API

1. Introduction 1.1 Overview of Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid (TUDCA) Tauroursodeoxycholic acid, commonly abbreviated as TUDCA, is a naturally occurring bile acid derivative formed through the conjugation of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) with taurine. It belongs to the class of hydrophilic bile acids and represents an important member of the bile acid family involved in lipid digestion, cellular […]

1. Introduction: The Molecular Engineering of a Blockbuster Peptide The discovery of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) as an incretin hormone capable of stimulating insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner represented a paradigm shift in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the therapeutic utility of native GLP-1 is profoundly limited by its extremely short half-life