β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD, CAS 53-84-9), also listed as Nadide (INN), is the central redox coenzyme of cellular metabolism and the most widely used coenzyme in cell-free biocatalysis and enzymatic analysis. PolyBlueChem supplies NAD in three commercial forms: an aqueous solution at assay ≥85%, a biotransformation-grade powder at ≥98%, and a food-grade powder at ≥99%, each with per-batch COA and SDS.
Specifications
| Property | Aqueous solution | Powder, biotransformation grade | Powder, food grade |
|---|---|---|---|
| Form | Clear aqueous concentrate | Powder | Powder |
| Assay | 85% min (in solution) | 98.0% min | 99.0% min |
| Assay basis | Per kg of solution | Dry basis, HPLC | Dry basis, HPLC |
| Appearance | Colourless to pale yellow liquid | White to slightly yellow powder | White to off-white powder |
| Water content | n/a (solution) | Confirmed per batch on the COA | Confirmed per batch on the COA |
| Heavy metals / microbial | Confirmed per batch on the COA | Confirmed per batch on the COA | Confirmed per batch on the COA, food-grade limits |
| Storage | 2-8 °C, protected from light | -20 °C, sealed, dry | -20 °C, sealed, dry |
Choosing the right form: the assay-basis trap
The three figures (≥85%, ≥98%, ≥99%) are not on the same basis. The solution figure is expressed per kilogram of solution; the powder figures are on a dry basis. If you compare the three on price per kilogram alone, the solution will look 13-14% cheaper per unit of NAD while actually delivering less coenzyme per kilogram shipped. Always convert to cost per mole of NAD before comparing quotes, or state the basis you require in the enquiry.
| Form | Best fit | Watch out for |
|---|---|---|
| Aqueous solution ≥85% | Direct dosing into a bioreactor or a continuous process; no dissolution step, no dust | pH of the concentrate, cold-weather crystallisation, freight cost of shipping water, shorter shelf life than powder |
| Powder ≥98% (biotransformation grade) | Enzyme catalysis, coenzyme regeneration systems, assay reagent preparation | Hygroscopic – weigh fast and reseal; freeze-thaw cycling |
| Powder ≥99% (food grade) | Nutraceutical and food-ingredient applications where permitted in the destination market | Regulatory status differs by market; grade alone does not confer approval |
Basic Information
| CAS number | 53-84-9 |
| Chemical name | β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD, NAD+, Nadide, diphosphopyridine nucleotide) |
| Formula / MW | C21H27N7O14P2 / 663.4 g/mol (free acid) |
| PubChem CID | 5892 |
| Type | Pyridine nucleotide coenzyme, oxidised form |
| Absorption maximum | 260 nm (oxidised form); reduction to NADH is followed at 340 nm |
Applications
- Biocatalysis and coenzyme recycling – oxidoreductase reactions (alcohol dehydrogenases, ketoreductases, amino acid dehydrogenases) with an NAD(H) regeneration system such as glucose/GDH, formate/FDH or isopropanol/ADH.
- Enzymatic analysis and diagnostics – substrate of the enzyme-coupled reactions that generate or consume NADH.
- Cell-free and synthetic biology routes – multi-enzyme cascades that require a defined coenzyme pool.
- Nutraceutical and food ingredient use – food-grade material only, and only where the destination market permits it.
NAD is not offered with therapeutic or anti-ageing claims. Regulatory status for food and supplement use varies by market – confirm the position for your destination before ordering.
Handling, storage and documentation
- NAD is hydrolysed by acid and alkali; prepare solutions near neutral pH (typically pH 6.0-7.5) and hold them cold.
- The solution form should not be repeatedly frozen and thawed; the powder is the better form for long-term inventory.
- Per-batch COA and SDS supplied; assay method statement, pH of solution lots and third-party testing available on request.
- Packaging: bottle or flexibag for solution, foil or drum for powder, agreed against your process.
Related products
- NADH disodium salt (CAS 606-68-8) – reduced form, assay 98% min
- NADP free acid (CAS 53-59-8) – assay 98% min
- NADP disodium salt (CAS 24292-60-2) – 75% min solution and 98% min powder
- NADPH tetrasodium salt (CAS 2646-71-1) – assay 95% min
- beta-NMN (CAS 1094-61-7) – NAD+ precursor, assay 99% min
Further reading
- NAD (CAS 53-84-9): aqueous solution vs biotransformation grade vs food grade
- Coenzyme powder vs aqueous solution: cost, stability and freight
- NAD, NADH, NADP and NADPH: coenzyme forms, salt types and bulk supply
PolyBlueChem supplies β-NAD (CAS 53-84-9) as 85% min aqueous solution, 98.0% min biotransformation-grade powder and 99.0% min food-grade powder, with per-batch COA and SDS and FOB/CIF delivery. Contact us with your required form, assay basis, quantity and destination.
